Special points of interest: CARDINAL WOLSEY AND HORATIO VISCOUNT NELSON The KEDGE ANCHOR is the newsletter of The 1805 Club. It is published three times a year (in March, July and November) and is distributed free to members. For information about the newsletter contact the editor Ken Flemming, 15 Southlands Drive, Leyland, Preston Lancs PR26 7SJ, UK , phone +44 (0)1772 433970, email: kenflemming@sky.com . Or the consulting editors: Randy and Dana Mafit at 1980 Sunrise Blvd., Eugene, Oregon 97405, USA, phone +1 541-343-1894, email: randym1805@aol.com Chairman’s Dispatch 2 Club Tie 3 From the Quarterdeck 7 Forthcoming Events 9 Letters to the Editor 16 HMS Victory Calendar 18 Newhouse 22 New York 23 The Nations Music 26 Collectors’ Corner 32 Book Reviews 34 In the Auction Rooms 37 INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Penny Dalton 5 Surgeon Vice-Admiral Sir Godfrey MiltonThompson, 6 The earliest known depiction in marine art of the Stars and Stripes 11 Victory the 25 millionth visitor. 13 The Equestrian, Secular and Chapterial Order of Saint Joachim. 16 HMS Nelson Guzzardi Portrait 19 The Capture of USS Chesapeake, 27 Naval Battles of the war of 1812 28 Rear Admiral Sir Philip Bowes Vere Broke, RN 31 Captain James Lawrence, USN 32 Dr John Sugden 33 ——————————- THE KEDGE ANCHOR NEWSLETTER OF THE 1805 CLUB Issue No. 35 November 2012 T homas Wolsey (1473-1530) became Henry VIII’s almoner and naturally his affairs prospered. He used his great wealth to indulge his passion of erecting magnificent buildings at his London home, York Place in Whitehall and Hampton Court Palace. He founded Cardinal College, Oxford, later King’s College, and now (Christ Church). He became the controlling figure in virtually all matters of state and was extremely powerful within the Church. The highest political position he attained was Lord Chancellor, the King's chief adviser, enjoying great freedom and often depicted as an alter rex (other king). Within the Church he became Archbishop of York, the second most important seat in England, and then was made a cardinal in 1515, giving him precedence over even the Archbishop of Canterbury. During his fourteen years of chancellorship, Cardinal Wolsey had more power than any other Crown servant in English history. As long as he was in the King’s favour, Wolsey had a large amount of freedom within the domestic sphere, and had his hand in nearly every aspect of its ruling. For much of the time, Henry VIII had complete confidence in him, and as Henry's interests inclined more towards foreign policy, he was willing to give Wolsey a free hand in reforming the management of domestic affairs, for which Wolsey had grand plans. Wolsey’s haughtiness and grand style of living made him increasingly unpopular. In spite of having many enemies, Cardinal Wolsey retained Henry VIII's confidence until Henry decided to seek an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, so that he could marry Anne Boleyn. Wolsey's failure to secure the annulment is widely perceived to have directly caused his downfall and arrest. Wolsey had planned a magnificent tomb for himself at Windsor sculptured by Benedetto da Rovezzano (1474-1552), an Italian architect, sculptor and bronze -founder working on the tomb with Giovanni da Maiano, also from Florence. -continued page 4 Samson Strong’s portrait of The Right Honourable His Eminence Thomas Wolsey at Christ Church (1610) Above Nelson’s tomb can be seen the iron grid under the chancel floor from were the coffin was lowered and from which it could be viewed. Also seen is the fine Penrose mosaic floor.
2 CHAIRMAN’S DISPATCH! A time for wreaths Thus it hath pleased God to take from this transitory life unto His divine mercy the most noble Lord, Horatio Nelson . . . the Hero whom in the moment of victory fell covered with immortal glory. Let us humbly trust that he is now raised to bliss ineffable and a glorious immortality. This time last year I wrote about how the nation pauses for two minutes on 11 November and subsequently on Remembrance Sunday to remember its brave service men and women and how the period between the anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar and the death of Lord Nelson on 21 October and 11 November each year is a natural one for a wider sense of Remembrance since it allows us to relate the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars with today’s conflicts, not least he war in Afghanistan. In turn this resonates with Nelson’s call for ‘humanity after victory’ and the traditional version of The Immortal Memory, which is not for Nelson alone but for ‘all those who fell with him’. In other words, as Remembrance Day now embraces the latest conflicts so it seems reasonable to honour those who in modern historical terms also served and fell for their country before the First World War. They too fought for our basic freedoms and personal liberties that interestingly have their routes in Magna Carta, which celebrates its 800th anniversary in 2015 at the very same time as the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo. Moreover, their service, stories and leadership – not least Horatio Nelson’s – continue to inspire those serving on today’s front line. You may therefore imagine my pride on Sunday, 21 October as I stood at the foot of Nelson’s Column in Trafalgar Square to lay a wreath on behalf of The 1805 Club. For over 100 years, Sea Cadets have marked the anniversary of the battle of Trafalgar with a parade on Trafalgar Square incorporating a wreath laying ceremony. This year was the first year that the Club had been invited to join the wreath laying party and the Club’s participation will be a permanent feature of this tri-service National Trafalgar Day Parade in future. The Reviewing Officer was Rear Admiral C J Hockley, Flag Officer Scotland, Northern England and Northern Ireland, and the Parade was made up of four Sea Cadet Platoons, two Royal Marines Cadet Platoons, platoons from Army and Air Cadets, The Massed Band of the Sea Cadets, Navy Board Cadets, the Sea Cadet PT Display Team and the Air Training Corps Drill Display Team. It was a moving occasion, which fortunately just avoided, wet weather routine’. Almost at the same time former Council member Doreen Scragg represented The 1805 Club at the Royal Navy’s annual wreath laying ceremony aboard Nelson’s flagship at Trafalgar, HMS VICTORY at Portsmouth. The following day, Club members joined other invited guests and stood in silence at The First Sea Lord’s wreath laying at Nelson’s tomb in the crypt of St Paul’s Cathedral. The ceremony, now three year’s old, was redesigned by The 1805 Club and is organised by the Marine Society and Sea Cadets. It has established itself as an important annual occasion and this year was joined by officers from The Chinese Navy which has a sail training ship named after Nelson! A bugler from the Band of the HM Royal Marines sounded Last Post and Reveille and a Guard of Honour from the Royal British Legion lowered and raised their standards adding to the ceremonial solemnity of the occasion. The Legion is the nation's custodian of Remembrance, ensuring that people remember those who have given their lives for the freedom we enjoy today. Even though it has its origins in the First World War it chooses to honour Nelson. Afterwards, the gathering turned to face Vice Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood’s tomb and members of the Collingwood family laid a beautiful wreath of white and cream flowers in his honour. This part of the St Paul’s ceremony compliments the wreath laying ceremonies at St Nicholas Church, Newcastle and the Collingwood Monument at Tynemouth. Wreaths have much history and symbolism associated with them and since at least the time of Ancient Greece they have been used at funerals to represent a circle of eternal life. The 1805 Club chooses to lay Bay laurel wreaths because made from evergreens they symbolise strength, since evergreens last even through the harshest winters, and therefore victory of the eternal spirit over death. Nelson and Collingwood have both been raised to ‘a glorious immortality’. Maybe Nelson’s has a wider and deeper impact, but Collingwood’s grows in strength and 21 October 2012 celebrated the launch of The Collingwood Society. This new charity is the legacy from The Collingwood Festival 2010, which the Club did much to initiate when it proposed the Collingwood Weekend that took place in March 2010. The hard work and wonderful response by local bodies and people in the North East to the organisation of the weekend saw them go on to arrange another six months of activities, including a splendid souvenir Collingwood 2012 brochure. The Club acted as banker throughout and has been able to transfer the surplus monies raised by their efforts to the newly opened coffer of The Collingwood Society. None of us expected such a fine legacy when we first explored ways to commemorate the death of Collingwood way back in 2008. We now warmly wish our colleagues in Newcastle, Gateshead, Morpeth and Tyneside every success and look forward to developing a helpful and strong friendship between our two organisations in the future and in fact many of us may wish to join! All success to The Collingwood Society! If we
3 2013 MEMBERSHIP RENEWALS DUE Membership subscription renewals for 2013 are due on January 1st. Your continued membership in the 1805 Club is very important to us— your participation and subscription support a variety of club activities including monument conservation/restoration, the organization and staging of commemorative events, and the publication of the Trafalgar Chronicle, the Kedge Anchor and other publications. We encourage you to renew your membership and hope that you continue to find it worthwhile. The annual subscription is £35.00, with cheques made payable to “The 1805 Club.” Please forward payment to Hon. Membership Secretary Barry Scrutton, 1 Cambus Road, London, E16 4AY UK. If you have any questions you may also contact Barry by phone at 0207 476 1215 (office), or email: < barry@scruttonestates.co.uk >. For North American and Carribbean members the annual subscription is $70.00US (if paid before January 1st). After January 1st members need to send $70.00 + $30.00 conversion/draft fee for a total of $100.00. North American and Caribbean members should forward their checks in US dollars made payable to our North American Secretary, R. Burdett Mafit, 1980 Sunrise Blvd., Eugene, Oregon 97405 USA. The North American Secretary will convert all the checks into one sterling draft, thus saving the Club time and conversion charges. *For ALL renewing members, please be sure and include any changes in your contact information (address, phone number or email address). We also invite those of you who would like to make an additional contribution to the conservation work of the club (above and beyond your annual subscription) to include it with your dues. If you wish to donate for this purpose you should tick the appropriate box on the renewal form. You may designate any amount and your donation will be duly recorded. It may be listed on a conservation project in the future, unless you would prefer anonymity. wish to look for a more recent example of victory of the eternal spirit over death then we have only to remember Penny Dalton who died on 5 October. Penny served the Club brilliantly as the UK editor of the Kedge Anchor, inspired by her lifelong enthusiasm for ships and the sea, which ranged from Forester and O’Brien to Gilbert and Sullivan! Penny’s long fight with cancer can be an encouragement to us all, since, as with her hero Nelson, it was a resolute religious faith that gave meaning to her existence, which meant more to her than life itself. We must also say farewell to Surgeon Vice Admiral Sir Godfrey Milton Thompson, who living in Menheniot where Lieutenant John Richards Lapenotiere Royal Navy is buried, played such an important role helping the Club with the conservation of his the grave and the ceremony of ‘The New Trafalgar Dispatch’. If I may end on a less melancholy note, I should like to highlight the success of this year’s Trafalgar Dinner at Newhouse on 20th October. We had a splendid evening and one that was enjoyed by both guests of honour: Dr Dominic Tweddle, Director General of the National Museum of the Royal Navy, who gave ‘The Immoral Memory—to Admiral Lord Nelson and all those who fell with him’, and Michael Ellis, Britain’s former Naval Attaché to Sweden, who talked about the Battle of the Nile using the Royal Navy’s Command Support System with the new computer projector and screen recently donated to the Club by member Pat Davies ()who has our thanks). And a big thank you to Kathy Clarke too, who organised the evening. A final thank you to Winston Leese, who has produced a lovely members silk tie of which there is a notice in this issue. The last Club event this year is the lecture on Captain Bligh by Sir Arnold Wolfendale, former Astronomer Royal, on 24 November at the London Corinthian Sailing Club, Hammersmith. If you would like to come along please contact Vice Chairman Bill White. May I and the Council of The 1805 Club take this opportunity to wish you all a very Merry Christmas and a very Happy New Year. Yours aye, Peter Warwick THE 1805 Club Tie. There are a number of club ties available which are new stock. Manufactured in 100% silk and hand made in the UK. There are fewer than twenty in total available for sale in equal numbers of blue and maroon. If you wish to purchase one please contact Winston Leese via e mail on winann6@aol.com or telephone 01785 760600. Please state your preference for colour and if you are prepared to accept the alternative if your first choice is not available. (Winston will not be available between 3rd and 20th December 2012 inclusive but e mail messages can be left which he will action asap.) The ties are priced at £20.00p UK each, a very competitive price for a tie of this quality. There is an additional charge for UK ORDERS OF £1.50 to cover post and package. Additional charges would be made for non UK orders. The ties are of a superb quality and one you will be proud to wear. Don't delay in ordering if you are interested.
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